Computer System Elements:
1. Hardware
2. Software
3. Brainware -> User
Computer Evolution:
1ST GENERATION
1. Atanasoff-Berry Computer
-1939
– John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry
– Prototype: ELECTRICITY, VACUUM TUBES, BINARY NUMBERS, CAPACITORS
– Final Product: 700 POUNDS, 300 VACUUM TUBES, MILE OF WIRE, CALCULATE 1 OPERATION EVERY 15 SECONDS, REMAIN IN THE BASEMENT OF THE PHYSICS DEPARTMENT
2. UNIVAC
– 1943
– J. Presper. Ecker andJohn W. Mauchly
– The first digital computer
– Final product: 30 TON, 18000 VACUUM TUBES, 70000 RESISTORS, 5 MILLION POINTS, 160 kWh POWER CONSUMPTION
3. EDVAC
– Mid of 1940
– John V. Neuman
– MAIN MEMORY, CPU (ALU and PROGRAM CONTROL UNIT), INPUT/OUTPUT EQUIPMENT
4. UNIVAC 1
– 1951
– Structure Machine: VON NEUMAN
– Used in president election
2ND GENERATION
TRANSISTOR:
– 1947
– Walter Brattain and John Bardeen
IBM -> Stretch
Sprery-Rand -> LARC
1953: IBM-701
– 1st stored program computer
– Scientific calculations
1955: IBM-702
– Business application
1960 -> IBM-401
Printer, Disket, Memory, System operation, Program
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE -> COBOL, FORTRAN
3RD GENERATION
Computer become smaller
Operating System
Integrated Circuit:
– 1959
– P Jack Kilby, Robert Noyce
1960: 1st minicomputer; monitor and keyboard
1963: Mouse -> Douglas Engelbart
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